Description
Evodiamine is an indole alkaloid originally found in Evodia rutaecarpa. This compound exhibits anticancer, anti-diabetic, antiviral, anti-angiogenic, and gastrointestinal motility modulating activities. In bladder cancer cells, evodiamine decreases levels of Mcl-1, inhibits signaling of mTOR, and enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Evodiamine directly inhibits topoisomerases I and II (topoI, topoII), inducing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in leukemia cells. In other in vitro models, evodiamine decreases VEGF release and tube formation. In diabetic/obese animal models, evodiamine decreases mTOR signaling and increases phosphorylation of AMPK, improving glucose tolerance. Additionally, this compound inhibits viral replication of Influenza A and suppresses gastric emptying and transit.